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Dr. Fred Charles Iklé (August 21, 1924 – November 10, 2011〔) was a Swiss-born sociologist and defense expert who became a significant part of the US defense policy establishment. Iklé's expertise was in defense and foreign policy, nuclear strategy, and the role of technology in the emerging international order. After a career in academia (including a professorship at MIT) he was appointed director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in 1973-1977, before becoming Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (1981 to 1988). He was later a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Department of Defense's Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee, a Distinguished Scholar with the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)〔(CSIS experts )〕 and a Director of the National Endowment for Democracy.〔 Iklé is credited with a key role in increasing U.S. aid to anti-Soviet rebels in the Soviet War in Afghanistan. He successfully proposed and promoted the idea of supplying the rebels with anti-aircraft Stinger missiles, overcoming CIA opposition. ==Background and early career== Iklé was born Fritz Karl Iklé in Samedan, Switzerland in 1924, growing up in St. Gallen; he anglicised his name after moving to the United States in 1946.〔Washington Post, 16 November 2011, (Fred Charles Ikle, Reagan defense official, dies at 87 )〕 He followed a degree at the University of Zurich with a master's and doctorate from the University of Chicago (1948 and 1950), both in sociology. His doctorate involved research in Dresden and Nagasaki and led to a book, ''The Social Impact of Bomb Destruction,'' (1958).〔 From 1964 to 1967 Iklé was a professor in political science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.〔 He was also at the Rand Corporation and at Harvard University's Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. At Harvard he met Henry Kissinger, and in 1973 Kissinger (then Richard Nixon's national security advisor) recruited Iklé to government service.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fred Iklé」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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